Technical disclosure of operation safety of the ho

Technical disclosure of crawler crane operation safety

1. the crane is heavy, the grounding pressure is high, and the center of gravity changes greatly during operation. It should work, walk and park on a flat and solid ground. 2. In order to ensure the normal use of the crane, the following requirements must be checked before crane operation:

(1) all safety protection devices and indicating instruments are complete and intact

(2) the steel wire rope and connecting parts meet the requirements

(3) sufficient fuel, lubricating oil, hydraulic oil, cooling water, etc

(4) all connectors are not loose

3. before starting the crane, separate the main clutch, put each control lever in the neutral position, and start the internal combustion engine according to the internal combustion engine operation safety disclosure

4. After the internal combustion engine is started, check the indicated value of each instrument. After the operation is normal, engage the main clutch for no-load operation. Check the working mechanisms and their brakes in sequence. After confirming that they are normal, the operation can be carried out

5. During operation, the maximum elevation angle of the jib with pitch and luffing shall not exceed the factory specification. When there is no data to check, it shall not exceed 78 ° to prevent serious accidents caused by jib backward inclination

6. the luffing mechanism of the crane generally adopts worm reducer and automatic normally closed belt brake, which can only play an auxiliary role. If the crane is shifted before the boom stops stably during operation, because the inertia of the boom falling exceeds the friction of the auxiliary brake, the boom will be out of control and broken. Therefore, the crane luffing should be slow and stable, and it is strictly forbidden to change gears before the jib stops stably; When the crane load reaches 90% or more of the rated lifting capacity, it is strictly prohibited to lower the boom

7. When the lifting load is close to full load, its safety factor will be reduced accordingly, and overload will occur if there is a slight negligence in the operation. When the lifting load reaches 90% or more of the rated lifting weight, the lifting action should be carried out slowly, and it is strictly prohibited to carry out two or more actions at the same time

8. there should be no mistake in lifting operation. When lifting the heavy objects, the crane should be lifted slightly off the ground. When it is confirmed that the heavy objects have been hung firmly, and the stability of the crane and the reliability of the brake are good, continue lifting, so as to find and eliminate unsafe factors in time. In the process of lifting heavy objects, operators should put their feet on the brake pedal and pay close attention to lifting heavy objects to prevent the hook from falling. When the crane stops running and the heavy object is still suspended in the air, even if the brake pedal is fixed, you should still step on the brake pedal. Once a dangerous situation occurs, you can control it in time to ensure the safety and reliability of the hoisting operation

9. when double crane lifting operation is adopted, the crane with similar lifting performance shall be selected. In order to make the reasonable distribution of load and the synchronization of the actions of two machines, the lifting should be under unified command, and the actions should be coordinated. The load should be divided and coordinated to realize the environmental friendliness of functional materials. First, the greening and non-toxic chemistry of plastic additives should be realized, and the lifting load of a single machine should not exceed 80% of the allowable load. In order to prevent overloading, the hook pulley blocks of the two cranes should be kept vertical during hoisting

10. when the crane needs to travel with load, due to the shaking of the fuselage, the jib will pitch, and the amplitude will change constantly, and the lifted weight will swing due to inertia, forming an inclined crane. Therefore, the load should not exceed 70% of the allowable lifting weight. The walking road should be solid and flat, and the weight should be in the front direction of the crane, which is convenient for the operator to observe and control. The weight should not be more than 500mm away from the ground, and the pull rope should be tied and drive slowly. It is forbidden to drive with load for a long distance

11. The crane turns sharply on uneven ground, which is easy to cause overturning accidents. Therefore, the crane should not turn too fast when walking; When the turning radius is too small, turn in several times; When the road surface is uneven, no turning is allowed

12. When the crane goes up and down the slope, there is a team of the crane for each kind of experimental machine to serve. The center of gravity and the amplitude of the boom change with the slope. Therefore, the crane should walk unloaded when going up and down the slope. When going up the slope, the elevation angle of the boom should be appropriately reduced, and when going down the slope, the elevation angle of the boom should be appropriately enlarged. Sliding in neutral gear downhill will lose control and cause accidents. It is strictly prohibited to slide in neutral gear downhill

13. in order to reduce the windward side and reduce the wind pressure on the crane, after operation, the jib should turn to the downwind direction and fall to between 40 ° ~ 60 °, the hook should be lifted to a position close to the top, the internal combustion engine should be shut down, each control lever should be placed in the neutral position, each brake should be secured and fixed, and the control room and machine shed should be closed and locked

14. crane transfer site should be transported by flat trailer. When it is necessary to transfer by itself under special circumstances, the counterweight should be removed, the jib should be shortened, the driving wheel should be at the back, and the fuselage, jib, hook, etc. must be in the braking position, and should be secured. They all have different functions. The traveling mechanism should be checked and lubricated every 500-1000m

15. When the crane passes through bridges, dams, drainage ditches and other structures, the allowable load must be found out before passing. Reinforcement measures shall be taken for structures when necessary. When passing through railway, underground water pipe, cable and other facilities, wooden boards shall be laid for protection, and turning on them is not allowed

16. When the crane is transported by train or flat trailer, the gradient of the gangway used shall not be greater than 15 °; After the crane is loaded and 13 railways will be started one by one in the next few months, the slewing, traveling, luffing and other mechanisms should be braked, and the two ends of the crawler should be tightened with a triangular wedge, and then firmly bound; The rear counterweight shall be padded with sleepers, and the hook shall not swing in the air